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Fasteners such as bolts, screws, and nuts are used in everyday construction to bring two surfaces (vinyl, wood, or metal) and bind them together. Their threads make them easy to install and remove, making them incredibly convenient

The most common way to produce an internal female thread is to drill a hole smaller than the major diameter and then use a tap to produce the thread. This is usually referred to as a tapping drill for the size of the thread that needs to be produced. A good way to decide on what diameter drill to choose is to use a tap drill reference chart like the examples below. NC - National Coarse Thread, NF - National Fine Thread

Several standard drill bit sizes exist to help carpenters generate holes of a wide range of sizes depending on their projects

Lag screws, also called lag bolts, are large wood screws with hexagonal heads. They're used in a variety of applications where it is important to have a screw with lots of holding power. They are typically used to secure lumber and other heavy materials that bear a lot of weight or stress. Their threads create a strong grip on the material, while the head pulls everything together tightly

Fastenings come in a broad range of specifications, but whether you use a bolt, screw, rivet, peg, clamp, or any self-clinching hardware, choosing the suitable material is crucial. For instance, selecting a fastener composed of steel can significantly impact the strength and longevity of the joint

Metric Conversion Chart - US/Metric

Nut Driver Size Chart

Hex Key or Allen Wrench

Carriage bolts have a mushroom-shaped head and a fused square nut underneath the head. The head is usually shallow and dome-shaped. The squared section has a plain unthreaded shank and is of the same size as the bolt shank’s diameter

Auger drill bits are used with a carpenter’s brace for drilling holes into wood

Socket Head Cap Screw Dimensions

A finished hex nut? is a classic design which is widely used for industrial as well as commercial use. Hex nuts are required for most fastening purpose

Bolt Grade Rating

Drill Bit Size Charts

What Is Thread Galling